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Bilingual Beginnings

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How multilingualism shapes young minds in FinlandWay® Schools around the world

According to a commonly used definition among linguists, a bilingual “is someone who regularly uses two or more languages or dialects in their everyday lives” (Grosjean, 2012). If you look at our global franchise network, most of the children attending a FinlandWay® school fall into this category. For example, in Morocco, our schools are bilingual or tri-lingual, offering educational activities in French, Arabic and English. At the FinlandWay® flagship Nordic Star Nurseries in the diverse city of London, more than half of the children enrolled speak English and one additional language, while approximately 30% speak two additional languages alongside English!

How we do it at Nordic Star

Most of the children at Nordic Star Nurseries speak English at nursery and have one or both parents speaking an additional language at home. This means that they will practise different types of vocabulary as they use their language in different contexts. It is important to also keep in mind that each child develops at their own pace and that no two children are alike. Instead of comparing children with each other, it is best to focus on the individual child’s progress in their bilingual journey and to acknowledge their milestones.

All of our teachers speak English, using context, mimic and gesture when modelling and extending language. Books, songs and rhymes offer playful ways to support language learning. Additionally, Nordic Star teachers use FinlandWay® visual support tools, such as emotion cards and a visual timetable for children. Teachers also support children’s learning of their home language, e.g., using books and key words in children’s home languages, or inviting parents to the Nursery to do activities in their home language for all children.

In our London nursery, we have a few Finnish teachers. Through them, children are regularly exposed to foreign sounds, when the teachers sing popular Finnish children’s songs such as ‘Kuka saa lorupussiin kurkistaa?’ which is about a ‘song bag’. The children really enjoy the Finnish language and will often bring the “song bag” and ask for “Kuka saa?”. The same can be done with any language that is spoken by the staff, such as Spanish, Hindi or sign language.

How to support your child at home

For bilingual families, there is a range of tools and strategies that can be used to support the child’s learning of the home language. The most important is finding the time for regular exposure in each language, which can be tricky in a busy family’s life. It helps to define a clear family strategy. Popular strategies include the ‘One Person, One Language’ (OPOL) approach, where each parent consistently speaks their chosen language, and the ‘Minority Language at Home’ strategy, where both parents speak a home language different from the majority language.

It is very common that the child will have phases where they only speak the majority language actively. If this happens, parents should avoid pressuring the child and instead consistently speak their own language, trusting that the family strategy will eventually lead to success.

References:

Grosjean, F. (2013). Bilingualism: A short introduction. The psycholinguistics of bilingualism, 2(5). Available at: https://perpus.univpancasila.ac.id/repository/EBUPT200657.pdf#page=14

Byers-Heinlein, K., & Lew-Williams, C. (2013). Bilingualism in the early years: What the science says. LEARNing landscapes, 7(1), 95. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6168212/

Hoff, E. (2021). Why bilingual development is not easy. In Advances in child development and behavior (Vol. 61, pp. 129-167). JAI. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10395373/,

PEaCH Project. (2020). PEaCH handbook for bilingual families: A guide for parents raising bilingual children in Europe (Rev. 3). Available at: https://childcare-assets.hyperflow.cloud/migrated-sites/nordic-star/assets/documents/99bd9d7d7c-PEaCH-Handbook-eng-rev3.pdf?v=0ef19bc113000324

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